SP-8356, a (1S)-(-)-verbenone derivative, exerts in vitro and in vivo anti-breast cancer effects by inhibiting NF-κB signaling.

ABSTRACT

Breast cancer exhibits high lethality in women because it is frequently detected at an advanced stage and aggressive forms such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which are often characterized by metastasis through colonization of secondary tumors. Thus, developing therapeutic agents that target the metastatic process is crucial to successfully treat aggressive breast cancer. We evaluated SP-8356, an anti-inflammatory synthetic verbenone derivative, with respect to its regulation of breast cancer cell behavior and cancer progression. Treatment of SP-8356 arrested cell cycle and reduced growth in various types of breast cancer cells with mild cytotoxicity. Particularly, SP-8356 significantly reduced the motility and invasiveness of TNBC cells. Assays using an in vivo xenograft mouse model confirmed the cell-specific anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic activity of SP-8356. Functional studies revealed that SP-8356 suppressed serum response element-dependent reporter gene expression and NF-κB-related signaling, resulting in downregulation of many genes related to cancer invasion. We conclude that SP-8356 suppresses breast cancer progression through multimodal functions, including inhibition of NF-κB signaling and growth-related signaling pathways.