Glycosaminoglycans: A Link Between Development and Regeneration in the Lung.
Stem Cells Dev
; 28(13): 823-832, 2019 07 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31062651
ABSTRACT
What can we learn from embryogenesis to increase our understanding of how regeneration of damaged adult lung tissue could be induced in serious lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and asthma? The local tissue niche determines events in both embryogenesis and repair of the adult lung. Important constituents of the niche are extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, including proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). GAGs, strategically located in the pericellular and extracellular space, bind developmentally active growth factors (GFs) and morphogens such as fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß), and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) aside from cytokines. These interactions affect activities in many cells, including stem cells, important in development and tissue regeneration. Moreover, it is becoming clear that the "inherent code," such as sulfation of disaccharides of GAGs, is a strong determinant of cellular outcome. Sulfation patterns, deacetylations, and epimerizations of GAG chains function as tuning forks in gradient formation of morphogens, growth factors, and cytokines. Learning to tune these fine instruments, that is, interactions between GFs, chemokines, and cytokines with the specific disaccharide code of GAGs in the adult lung, could become the key to unlock inherent regenerative forces to override pathological remodeling. This review aims to provide an overview of the role GAGs play during development and similar events in regenerative efforts in the adult lung.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Regeneración
/
Diferenciación Celular
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Glicosaminoglicanos
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Pulmón
Límite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Stem Cells Dev
Asunto de la revista:
HEMATOLOGIA
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Suecia