Resistance to Insulin in Patients with Gitelman Syndrome and a Subtle Intermediate Phenotype in Heterozygous Carriers: A Cross-Sectional Study.
J Am Soc Nephrol
; 30(8): 1534-1545, 2019 08.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31285285
BACKGROUND: Gitelman syndrome is a salt-losing tubulopathy caused by mutations in the SLC12A3 gene, which encodes the thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter. Previous studies suggested an intermediate phenotype for heterozygous carriers. METHODS: To evaluate the phenotype of heterozygous carriers of pathogenic SLC12A3 mutations, we performed a cross-sectional study of patients with Gitelman syndrome, heterozygous carriers, and healthy noncarriers. Participants measured their BP at home for three consecutive days before hospital admission for blood and urine sampling and an oral glucose tolerance test. RESULTS: We enrolled 242 participants, aged 18-75 years, including 81 heterozygous carriers, 82 healthy noncarriers, and 79 patients with Gitelman syndrome. The three groups had similar age, sex ratio, and body mass index. Compared with healthy noncarriers, heterozygous carriers showed significantly higher serum calcium concentration (P=0.01) and a trend for higher plasma aldosterone (P=0.06), but measures of home BP, plasma and urine electrolytes, renin, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, and response to oral glucose tolerance testing were similar. Patients with Gitelman syndrome had lower systolic BP and higher heart rate than noncarriers and heterozygote carriers; they also had significantly higher fasting serum glucose concentration, higher levels of markers of insulin resistance, and a three-fold higher sensitivity to overweight. According to oral glucose tolerance testing, approximately 14% of patients with Gitelman syndrome were prediabetic, compared with 5% of heterozygous carriers and 4% of healthy noncarriers. CONCLUSIONS: Heterozygous carriers had a weak intermediate phenotype, between that of healthy noncarriers and patients with Gitelman syndrome. Moreover, the latter are at risk for development of type 2 diabetes, indicating the heightened importance of body weight control in these patients.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Resistencia a la Insulina
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Síndrome de Gitelman
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Heterocigoto
Tipo de estudio:
Observational_studies
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Prevalence_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Am Soc Nephrol
Asunto de la revista:
NEFROLOGIA
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article
Pais de publicación:
Estados Unidos