Prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Zimbabwe: A health facility-based cross-sectional survey.
Int J Infect Dis
; 87: 119-125, 2019 Oct.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31357057
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To determine the prevalence of resistance to rifampicin alone; rifampicin and isoniazid, and second-line anti-TB drugs among sputum smear-positive tuberculosis patients in Zimbabwe.DESIGN:
A health facility-based cross-sectional survey.RESULTS:
In total, 1114 (87.6%) new and 158 (12.4%) retreatment TB patients were enrolled. MTB was confirmed by Xpert MTB/RIF among 1184 (93%) smear-positive sputum samples. There were 64 samples with Xpert MTB/RIF-determined rifampicin resistance. However, two were rifampicin susceptible on phenotypic drug susceptibility testing. The prevalence of RR-TB was [4.0% (95% CI, 2.9, 5.4%), n=42/1043) and 14.2% (95% CI, 8.9, 21.1%; n=20/141) among new and retreatment patients, respectively. The prevalence of MDR-TB was 2.0% (95% CI, 1.3, 3.1%) and 6.4% (95% CI, 2.4, 10.3%) among new and retreatment TB patients, respectively. Risk factors for RR-TB included prior TB treatment, self-reported HIV infection, travel outside Zimbabwe for ≥one month (univariate), and age <15 years. Having at least a secondary education was protective against RR-TB.CONCLUSION:
The prevalence of MDR-TB in Zimbabwe has remained stable since the 1994 subnational survey. However, the prevalence of rifampicin mono-resistance was double that of MDR-TB.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Tuberculosis Resistente a Múltiples Medicamentos
/
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
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Etiology_studies
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Observational_studies
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Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
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Child
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Infect Dis
Asunto de la revista:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Zimbabwe