Hyperoxia and oxidative stress in anesthesia and critical care medicine.
Minerva Anestesiol
; 86(1): 64-75, 2020 Jan.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31680497
ABSTRACT
Oxygen administration is particularly relevant in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia and in those who suffer from acute or critical illness. Nevertheless, excess O2, or hyperoxia, is also known to be harmful. Toxicity arises from the enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that, exceeding the antioxidant defense, may generate oxidative stress. Oxidative stress markers are used to quantify ROS toxicity in clinical and non-clinical settings and represent a promising tool to assess the optimal FiO2 in anesthesia and critical care setting. Despite controversial, the guidelines for the regulation of FiO2 in such settings suggest the adoption of high perioperative oxygen levels. However, hyperoxia has also been shown to be an independent mortality risk factor in critically ill patients. In this literature review, we discuss the biochemical mechanisms behind oxidative stress and the available biomarkers for assessing the pro-oxidant vs antioxidant status. Then, we summarize recent knowledge on the hyperoxia-related consequences in the most common anesthesia and critical care settings, such as traumatic brain injury or cardiac arrest. To this purpose, we searched the PubMed database according to the following combination of key words ("hyperoxia" OR "FiO2" OR "oxygen therapy") AND ("oxidative stress" OR "ROS" OR "RNS" OR "lipid peroxidation") AND ("anesthesia" OR "surgery" OR "intensive care"). We focused in the results from the past 20 years. Available evidence points toward a conservative monitoring and use of oxygen, unless there is solid proof of its efficacy.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Estrés Oxidativo
/
Hiperoxia
/
Cuidados Críticos
/
Anestesia
Tipo de estudio:
Guideline
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Minerva Anestesiol
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article