Anhydroecgonine methyl ester (AEME), a cocaine pyrolysis product, impairs glutathione-related enzymes response and increases lipid peroxidation in the hippocampal cell culture.
Toxicol Rep
; 6: 1223-1229, 2019.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31768333
ABSTRACT
Crack cocaine smokers inhale, alongside with cocaine, its pyrolysis product, anhydroecgonine methyl ester (AEME). We have previously described AEME neurotoxic effect and its additive effect when co-incubated with cocaine. Our aim was to evaluate, the effect of AEME, cocaine and AEME-cocaine combination on glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities after 3 and 6â¯h of exposure, periods previous to neuronal death. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated through malonaldehyde (MDA) levels at 3, 6, 24 and 48â¯h of exposure. All treated groups reduced neuronal viability after 24â¯h of exposure. AEME and cocaine decreased GPx, GR and GST activities after 3 and 6â¯h, with an increase in MDA levels after 48â¯h. AEME-cocaine combination decreased the enzymes activities after 3 and 6â¯h, showing an additive effect in MDA levels after 48â¯h. These data show that the glutathione-related enzymes imbalance caused by AEME, cocaine or AEME-cocaine combination exposure preceded neuronal death and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, the additive effect on lipid peroxidation observed with AEME-cocaine exposure after 48â¯h, suggest a higher neurotoxic effect after crack cocaine use when compared to cocaine alone.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Toxicol Rep
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Brasil