Fomepizole to treat disulfiram-ethanol reaction: a case series.
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
; 58(9): 922-925, 2020 09.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31878796
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Disulfiram-ethanol reaction (DER) due to acetaldehyde accumulation occurs after drinking ethanol during disulfiram therapy. DER may result in life-threatening toxicity requiring urgent critical care. Fomepizole, an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor used to treat toxic alcohol poisoning, has been suggested for treating DER by preventing the metabolism of ethanol to acetaldehyde. However, its effectiveness and safety have been poorly assessed in this setting.Cases Ten DER patients (median age, 40 years; 7 males/3 females) were included in the study. DER features consisted of consciousness impairment (median Glasgow coma score, 13; need for mechanical ventilation, 30%) with flushing (50%), vomiting (40%), electrocardiogram abnormalities (30%) and circulatory failure requiring norepinephrine (30%). Patients were successfully treated with a single intravenous infusion of fomepizole (median dose, 7.5 mg/kg). The three patients receiving norepinephrine did not improve until fomepizole was administered. The other seven patients improved promptly following fomepizole infusion without requirement for vasopressor support. All patients fully recovered. Local pain at the injection site was the only reported adverse reaction in one patient.Conclusion:
Our case series supports the effectiveness and safety of fomepizole in rapidly reversing DER-induced vasodilatation and toxicity.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Disulfiram
/
Etanol
/
Fomepizol
/
Antídotos
Tipo de estudio:
Observational_studies
Límite:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
Asunto de la revista:
TOXICOLOGIA
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Francia