Cryptic Species Account for the Seemingly Idiosyncratic Secondary Metabolism of Sarcophyton glaucum Specimens Collected in Palau.
J Nat Prod
; 83(3): 693-705, 2020 03 27.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31971803
ABSTRACT
Sarcophyton glaucum is one of the most abundant and chemically studied soft corals with over 100 natural products reported in the literature, primarily cembrane diterpenoids. Yet, wide variation in the chemistry observed from S. glaucum over the past 50 years has led to its reputation as a capricious producer of bioactive metabolites. Recent molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that S. glaucum is not a single species but a complex of at least seven genetically distinct species not distinguishable using traditional taxonomic criteria. We hypothesized that perceived intraspecific chemical variation observed in S. glaucum was actually due to differences between cryptic species (interspecific variation). To test this hypothesis, we collected Sarcophyton samples in Palau, performed molecular phylogenetic analysis, and prepared chemical profiles of sample extracts using gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. Both unsupervised (principal component analysis) and supervised (linear discriminant analysis) statistical analyses of these profiles revealed a strong relationship between cryptic species membership and chemical profiles. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry-based analysis using feature-based molecular networking permitted identification of the chemical drivers of this difference between clades, including cembranoid diterpenes (2R,11R,12R)-isosarcophytoxide (5), (2S,11R,12R)-isosarcophytoxide (6), and isosarcophine (7). Our results suggest that early chemical studies of Sarcophyton may have unknowingly conflated different cryptic species of S. glaucum, leading to apparently idiosyncratic chemical variation.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Antozoos
/
Diterpenos
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Nat Prod
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos