Clinical efficacy of mogamulizumab for relapsed/refractory aggressive adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: A retrospective analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Although phase 2 studies have confirmed the efficacy of mogamulizumab for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), real-world data on its benefits are limited. We assessed the benefits of mogamulizumab for relapsed/refractory ATL in clinical practice. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed patients with acute- and lymphoma-type ATL. Among 57 patients diagnosed with ATL between January 2008 and August 2018, 42 who received salvage therapy were eligible, including 24 who received mogamulizumab. RESULTS: The overall response rate to mogamulizumab was 54.2%. Median survival time (MST) and 1-year overall survival (OS) rate from mogamulizumab initiation were 7.7 months and 42.0%, respectively. Patients with acute-type ATL showed longer MST (15.1 months) and higher 1-year OS (63.6%). MST without skin rash was 5.0 months, and 1-year OS was 34.3%; however, MST with skin rash was not reached and 1-year OS was 66.7%. Among patients who received the salvage therapy, longer MST and higher 1-year OS were observed with mogamulizumab than without mogamulizumab (P = .078; 9.2 vs. 3.9 months; 47.9% vs. 17.6%, respectively). Mogamulizumab administration improved prognosis in patients with acute-type ATL and skin rash. CONCLUSIONS: In clinical practice, mogamulizumab improved OS in patients with relapsed/refractory ATL, especially those with acute-type ATL and skin rash.