Effects of Extended-Release Methylphenidate Treatment on Cognitive Task Performance in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol
; 30(7): 414-426, 2020 09.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32644833
ABSTRACT
Objective:
To examine the effectiveness of four doses of psychostimulant medication, combining extended-release methylphenidate (ER-MPH) in the morning with immediate-release MPH (IR-MPH) in the afternoon, on cognitive task performance.Method:
The sample comprised 24 children (19 boys and 5 girls) who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria for an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-R and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, and had significant symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This sample consisted of elementary school-age, community-based children (mean chronological age = 8.8 years, SD = 1.7; mean intelligence quotient = 85; SD = 16.8). Effects of placebo and three dose levels of ER-MPH (containing 0.21, 0.35, and 0.48 mg/kg equivalent of IR-MPH) on cognitive task performance were compared using a within-subject, crossover, placebo-controlled design. Each of the four MPH dosing regimens (placebo, low-dose MPH, medium-dose MPH, and high-dose MPH) was administered for 1 week; the dosing order was counterbalanced across children.Results:
MPH treatment was associated with significant performance gains on cognitive tasks tapping sustained attention, selective attention, and impulsivity/inhibition. Dose/response was generally linear in the dose range studied, with no evidence of deterioration in performance at higher MPH doses in the dose range studied.Conclusion:
The results of this study suggest that MPH formulations are associated with significant improvements on cognitive task performance in children with ASD and ADHD.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad
/
Cognición
/
Preparaciones de Acción Retardada
/
Trastorno del Espectro Autista
/
Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central
/
Metilfenidato
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
/
Guideline
Límite:
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol
Asunto de la revista:
PEDIATRIA
/
PSICOFARMACOLOGIA
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos