Blurring past and present: Using false memory to better understand false hearing in young and older adults.
Mem Cognit
; 48(8): 1403-1416, 2020 11.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32671592
ABSTRACT
A number of recent studies have shown that older adults are more susceptible to context-based misperceptions in hearing (Rogers, Jacoby, & Sommers, Psychology and Aging, 27, 33-45, 2012; Sommers, Morton, & Rogers, Remembering Attributions, Processes, and Control in Human Memory [Essays in Honor of Larry Jacoby], pp. 269-284, 2015) than are young adults. One explanation for these age-related increases in what we term false hearing is that older adults are less able than young individuals to inhibit a prepotent response favored by context. A similar explanation has been proposed for demonstrations of age-related increases in false memory (Jacoby, Bishara, Hessels, & Toth, Journal of Experimental Psychology General, 134, 131-148, 2005). The present study was designed to compare susceptibility to false hearing and false memory in a group of young and older adults. In Experiment 1, we replicated the findings of past studies demonstrating increased frequency of false hearing in older, relative to young, adults. In Experiment 2, we demonstrated older adults' increased susceptibility to false memory in the same sample. Importantly, we found that participants who were more prone to false hearing also tended to be more prone to false memory, supporting the idea that the two phenomena share a common mechanism. The results are discussed within the framework of a capture model, which differentiates between context-based responding resulting from failures of cognitive control and context-based guessing.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Audición
/
Memoria
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Aged
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Mem Cognit
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos