DNA Polymerase and Mismatch Repair Exert Distinct Microsatellite Instability Signatures in Normal and Malignant Human Cells.
Cancer Discov
; 11(5): 1176-1191, 2021 05.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33355208
ABSTRACT
Although replication repair deficiency, either by mismatch repair deficiency (MMRD) and/or loss of DNA polymerase proofreading, can cause hypermutation in cancer, microsatellite instability (MSI) is considered a hallmark of MMRD alone. By genome-wide analysis of tumors with germline and somatic deficiencies in replication repair, we reveal a novel association between loss of polymerase proofreading and MSI, especially when both components are lost. Analysis of indels in microsatellites (MS-indels) identified five distinct signatures (MS-sigs). MMRD MS-sigs are dominated by multibase losses, whereas mutant-polymerase MS-sigs contain primarily single-base gains. MS deletions in MMRD tumors depend on the original size of the MS and converge to a preferred length, providing mechanistic insight. Finally, we demonstrate that MS-sigs can be a powerful clinical tool for managing individuals with germline MMRD and replication repair-deficient cancers, as they can detect the replication repair deficiency in normal cells and predict their response to immunotherapy. SIGNIFICANCE:
Exome- and genome-wide MSI analysis reveals novel signatures that are uniquely attributed to mismatch repair and DNA polymerase. This provides new mechanistic insight into MS maintenance and can be applied clinically for diagnosis of replication repair deficiency and immunotherapy response prediction.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 995.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica
/
Transformación Celular Neoplásica
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ADN Polimerasa Dirigida por ADN
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Inestabilidad de Microsatélites
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Reparación de la Incompatibilidad de ADN
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Neoplasias
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Cancer Discov
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Canadá