Replacing Animal Protein with Soy-Pea Protein in an "American Diet" Controls Murine Crohn Disease-Like Ileitis Regardless of Firmicutes: Bacteroidetes Ratio.
J Nutr
; 151(3): 579-590, 2021 03 11.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33484150
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The current nutritional composition of the "American diet" (AD; also known as Western diet) has been linked to the increasing incidence of chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), namely Crohn disease (CD).OBJECTIVES:
This study investigated which of the 3 major macronutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrates) in the AD has the greatest impact on preventing chronic inflammation in experimental IBD mouse models.METHODS:
We compared 5 rodent diets designed to mirror the 2011-2012 "What We Eat in America" NHANES. Each diet had 1 macronutrient dietary source replaced. The formulated diets were AD, AD-soy-pea (animal protein replaced by soy + pea protein), AD-CHO ("refined carbohydrate" by polysaccharides), AD-fat [redistribution of the ω-6ω-3 (n-6n-3) PUFA ratio; â¼101 to 11], and AD-mix (all 3 "healthier" macronutrients combined). In 3 separate experiments, 8-wk-old germ-free SAMP1/YitFC mice (SAMP) colonized with human gut microbiota ("hGF-SAMP") from CD or healthy donors were fed an AD, an AD-"modified," or laboratory rodent diet for 24 wk. Two subsequent dextran sodium sulfate-colitis experiments in hGF-SAMP (12-wk-old) and specific-pathogen-free (SPF) C57BL/6 (20-wk-old) mice, and a 6-wk feeding trial in 24-wk-old SPF SAMP were performed. Intestinal inflammation, gut metagenomics, and MS profiles were assessed.RESULTS:
The AD-soy-pea diet resulted in lower histology scores [mean ± SD (56.1% ± 20.7% reduction)] in all feeding trials and IBD mouse models than did other diets (P < 0.05). Compared with the AD, the AD-soy-pea correlated with increased abundance in Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostraceae (1.5-4.7 log2 and 3.0-5.1 log2 difference, respectively), glutamine (6.5 ± 0.8 compared with 3.9 ± 0.3 ng/µg stool, P = 0.0005) and butyric acid (40; 3.3 ± 0.5 compared with 2.54 ± 0.4 ng/µg stool, P = 0.006) concentrations, and decreased linoleic acid (182n-6; 5.4 ± 0.4 compared with 8.6 ± 0.3 ng/µL plasma, P = 0.01).CONCLUSIONS:
Replacement of animal protein in an AD by plant-based sources reduced the severity of experimental IBD in all mouse models studied, suggesting that similar, feasible adjustments to the daily human diet could help control/prevent IBD in humans.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Glycine max
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Proteínas en la Dieta
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Pisum sativum
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Microbioma Gastrointestinal
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Ileítis
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Animals
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Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Nutr
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos