Is sputum cytology reliable for detection of atypical lung epithelial proliferative changes triggered by cigarette smoking?
Int J Clin Exp Pathol
; 14(5): 618-626, 2021.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34093947
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
In recent years, Saudi Arabia has witnessed major tobacco smoking-related disease, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, particularly among the younger population.METHODOLOGY:
The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of cigarette smoke on lung epithelial cells.RESULTS:
This was a cross-sectional case-control study involving 300 apparently healthy volunteers living in Ha'il, Northern Saudi Arabia. Cigarette smokers (N = 100) were used as cases, and non-smokers (N = 200) were used as controls. A sputum specimen was obtained from each participant, employing all necessary safety precautions and sample adequacy measures.RESULTS:
Among 300 study subjects, cytologic atypia was identified in 14/300 (4.7%). Among the 14 cases with atypical cytologic changes, 13/14 (92.9%) were in smokers and 1/14 (7.1%) was in a non-smoker. The risk of lung cytologic atypia associated with cigarette smoking, was OR (95% CI) = 29.73 (3.82-230.87), P = 0.0001. Out of 300 study subjects, metaplasia was identified in 45/300 (15%). Among 45 cases with metaplastic changes, 26/45 (57.8%) were in the smokers and 19/45 (42.2%) were in non-smokers. The risk of lung epithelial metaplasia associated with cigarette smoking was OR (95% CI) = 3.34 (1.74-6.41), P = 0.0003.CONCLUSION:
Cigarette smoking is a significant risk for developing lung epithelial atypia, lung metaplasia, and inflammatory cell infiltrate (especially chronic inflammation). Sputum cytology is a simple, non-invasive method that can be used in screening at-risk populations for early detection of lung proliferative changes associated with tobacco smoking.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
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Screening_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Clin Exp Pathol
Asunto de la revista:
PATOLOGIA
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article