Successful expression of the synthetic merBps gene in tobacco.

Organomercury is the most toxic biomagnifiable state of mercury, and to date, no natural organomercurial detoxification mechanism is encountered in plants. Bacterial merB gene encoding organomercury lyase show low expression in transgenic plants. For ideal expression, a synthetic merBps gene possessing143 out of 213 codons discrete from native merB gene from Escherichia. coli was fabricated based on codon usage in tobacco. Through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, the merBps gene got successfully integrated into tobacco. Of several putative merBps transformants selected with 200 µg ml-1 kanamycin, only ∼45% were PCR positive for both nptII and merBps genes. Healthy and vigorously growing shoots of few PCR-positive putative transgenic lines were multiplied and rooted. After transplantation and acclimatization, the resultant plants flowered and fruited in pots. Southern analysis revealed the presence of a single copy of the merBps gene in four lines. RT-PCR and Western investigations established successful transcription and translation of the merBps gene in these transgenic lines, respectively. Fabrication of fully functional organomercury lyase in merBps transgenic lines was established based on the potential of their (i) seeds to germinate; (ii) shoots to grow and multiply; and (iii) leaf disc to remain green, even in the presence of 4 nmole ml-1 phenylmercuryacetate (PMA) while the wild type was susceptible to even 1 nmole ml-1 PMA. These findings confirmed that the synthetic merBps gene could be effectively expressed in plants and exploited for remediation of organomercurial contaminated sites.