Characterization of diphenyl phthalate as an agonist for estrogen receptor: an in vitro and in silico study.
Toxicol Mech Methods
; 32(4): 280-287, 2022 May.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34697989
ABSTRACT
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are important pollutants in the environment, which can interfere with the endocrine system by mimicking estrogen. However, limited information is available on modulating the estrogen receptor (ER) of five PAEs including di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), diphenyl phthalate (DPhP) and dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP). This study evaluated the agonistic effects of PAEs on human ER. The cytotoxicity assay showed that there were a significant inhibition of the cell proliferation with treatment of five PAEs. Moreover, DPhP does-dependently enhanced ER-mediated transcriptional activity in the reporter gene assay. The increased expression of estrogen-responsive genes (TFF1, CTSD, and GREB1) was also observed in MCF-7 cells treated with DPhP. The result of molecular docking showed that DPhP tended to bind to the agonist conformation of ER compared with the antagonist conformation of ER, demonstrating its agonist characteristic that has been confirmed in the reporter gene assay. Thus, we found that DPhP may be evaluated as an ER agonist in vitro and it can interfere with the normal function of human ER.
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Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Ácidos Ftálicos
/
Receptores de Estrógenos
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Toxicol Mech Methods
Asunto de la revista:
TOXICOLOGIA
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
China