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The interaction of adverse childhood experiences and gender as risk factors for depression and anxiety disorders in US adults: a cross-sectional study.
Whitaker, Robert C; Dearth-Wesley, Tracy; Herman, Allison N; Block, Amy E; Holderness, Mary Howard; Waring, Nicholas A; Oakes, J Michael.
Afiliación
  • Whitaker RC; Columbia-Bassett Program, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. robert.whitaker@bassett.org.
  • Dearth-Wesley T; Columbia-Bassett Program, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, NY, USA. robert.whitaker@bassett.org.
  • Herman AN; Bassett Research Institute, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, NY, USA. robert.whitaker@bassett.org.
  • Block AE; Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. robert.whitaker@bassett.org.
  • Holderness MH; Columbia-Bassett Program, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
  • Waring NA; Columbia-Bassett Program, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, NY, USA.
  • Oakes JM; Bassett Research Institute, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, NY, USA.
BMC Public Health ; 21(1): 2078, 2021 11 12.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34772386
BACKGROUND: Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and being female are distinct risk factors for having a major depressive episode (MDE) or an anxiety disorder (AD) in adulthood, but it is unclear whether these two risk factors are synergistic. The purpose of this study was to determine whether exposure to ACEs and being female are more than additive (synergistic) in their association with MDE and AD in US adults. METHODS: We pooled cross-sectional survey data in the Midlife in the United States study from two nationally-representative cohorts of English-speaking US adults. Data from the first cohort were collected in 2004-2006 and from the second in 2011-2014. Data from both cohorts included the 12-month prevalence of MDE and AD (generalized anxiety disorder or panic disorder) assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short Form, gender (here termed female and male), and the count of five categories of exposure to ACEs: physical, sexual, or emotional abuse; household alcohol or substance abuse; and parental separation or divorce. RESULTS: Of the 5834 survey respondents, 4344 (74.5%) with complete data on ACEs were included in the analysis. Mean (SD) age was 54.1 (13.8) years and 53.9% were female. The prevalences of MDE, AD, and exposure to 3-5 categories of ACEs were 13.7, 10.0, and 12.5%, respectively. After adjusting for covariates (age, race, and current and childhood socioeconomic disadvantage), for those with both risk factors (female and 3-5 ACEs) the prevalence of MDE was 26.9%. This was 10.2% (95% CI: 1.8, 18.5%) higher than the expected prevalence based on the additive associations of the two risk factors. The adjusted prevalence of AD among females with 3-5 ACEs was 21.9%, which was 11.4% (95% CI: 4.0, 18.9%) higher than the expected prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: For both MDE and AD, there was synergy between the two risk factors of exposure to ACEs and being female. Identification and treatment of MDE and AD may benefit from understanding the mechanisms involved in the synergistic interaction of gender with ACEs.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Maltrato a los Niños / Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias / Trastorno Depresivo Mayor / Experiencias Adversas de la Infancia Tipo de estudio: Etiology_studies / Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Aspecto: Determinantes_sociais_saude Límite: Adult / Child / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Región como asunto: America do norte Idioma: En Revista: BMC Public Health Asunto de la revista: SAUDE PUBLICA Año: 2021 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Reino Unido

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Maltrato a los Niños / Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias / Trastorno Depresivo Mayor / Experiencias Adversas de la Infancia Tipo de estudio: Etiology_studies / Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Aspecto: Determinantes_sociais_saude Límite: Adult / Child / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Región como asunto: America do norte Idioma: En Revista: BMC Public Health Asunto de la revista: SAUDE PUBLICA Año: 2021 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Reino Unido