Decrease of IL-1ß and TNF in the Spinal Cord Mediates Analgesia Produced by Ankle Joint Mobilization in Complete Freund Adjuvant-Induced Inflammation Mice Model.
Front Physiol
; 12: 816624, 2021.
Article
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| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35095573
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
This study aims to investigate the effects of ankle joint mobilization (AJM) on mechanical hyperalgesia and peripheral and central inflammatory biomarkers after intraplantar (i.pl.) Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammation.METHODS:
Male Swiss mice were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n = 7) Saline/Sham, CFA/Sham, and CFA/AJM. Five AJM sessions were carried out at 6, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after CFA injection. von Frey test was used to assess mechanical hyperalgesia. Tissues from paw skin, paw muscle and spinal cord were collected to measure pro-inflammatory (TNF, IL-1ß) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-ß1) by ELISA. The macrophage phenotype at the inflammation site was evaluated by Western blotting assay using the Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 (NOS 2) and Arginase-1 immunocontent to identify M1 and M2 macrophages, respectively.RESULTS:
Our results confirm a consistent analgesic effect of AJM following the second treatment session. AJM did not change cytokines levels at the inflammatory site, although it promoted a reduction in M2 macrophages. Also, there was a reduction in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß and TNF in the spinal cord.CONCLUSION:
Taken together, the results confirm the anti-hyperalgesic effect of AJM and suggest a central neuroimmunomodulatory effect in a model of persistent inflammation targeting the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß and TNF.
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Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Front Physiol
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Brasil