Amino Acid-Derived Quorum Sensing Molecule Alanine on the Gastrointestinal Tract Tolerance of the Lactobacillus Strains in the Cocultured Fermentation Model.

ABSTRACT

More and more people are aware of the importance of intestinal flora to human health, and people are interested in the regulation of intestinal flora and its interaction with the host. The survival status of the probiotics in the gastrointestinal environment and the microbial interactions between the lactic acid bacteria have also received considerable attention. In this study, the gastrointestinal environment tolerance, adhesion ability, and biofilm formation of the Lactobacillus strain in the coculture system were explored through the real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR, UPLC-MS/MS metabolic profiling analysis, and Live/Dead BacLight cell staining methods. The results showed that the coculture system could promote the release of signal molecules autoinducer-2 and effectively protect the viability of the Lactobacillus acidophilus in the gastrointestinal environment. Meanwhile, amino acid-derived characteristic metabolite l-alanine (1%) could effectively enhance the communication of the cells in the complex fermentation model, which led to an increase in the tolerance ability of the L. acidophilus by 28% in the gastrointestinal-like environment. IMPORTANCE It was deduced from the study that amino acid-derived metabolites play an important role in cell communication in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) environment, thus enhancing the communication of Lactobacillus strains in the complex fermentation model. Meanwhile, the viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus can be increased in the coculture system during the gastrointestinal stress environment treated with the amino acid-derived quorum sensing (QS) molecule l-alanine. It will shed some light on the application of amino acid-derived QS molecules in the fermentation stater industry.