Epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection in hospitalized patients in Spain: An eight-year review (2012-2019).
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed)
; 40(3): 125-130, 2022 Mar.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35249672
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a disease that is potentially preventable by vaccination. A good knowledge of its epidemiology, which can change over time, is warranted for prevention purposes and to help decision-making on the use of vaccines in public health programs. The objective of the research was to determine the epidemiology of healthcare-associated CDI (HA-CDI) and community-associated CDI (CA-CDI) in hospitalized patients in Spain using point prevalence data.METHODS:
Point prevalence survey data on infections of hospitalized patients for years 2012-2019 were analyzed. HA-CDI and CA-CDI prevalence rates were calculated. Both HA-CDI and CA-CDI, as well as age group prevalence rates, were examined for trends. Patient comorbidities were tested for association to CDI.RESULTS:
The prevalence of CDI in Spanish hospitals has grown exponentially from 14.1% in 2012 to 35.9% in 2019 (cases/10.000 hospitalized patients). Almost two thirds of the cases are of nosocomial onset. This increase was observed for HA-CDI and CA-CDI at an annual rate of 1.11% (CI 95% 1.08-1.15) and 1.09% (CI 95% 1.04-1.13), respectively. Patients 50 years old or older represent 87% of the total number of cases. Patients suffering from neoplasm (OR 1.39), immunodeficiency (OR 3.26), neutropenia (OR 3.70), cirrhosis (OR 1.92) and chronic renal failure (OR 1.91) have a significant increased risk of developing CDI, after adjusting for age.CONCLUSION:
In Spain, the prevalence rate of both HA-CDI and CA-CDI have been increasing. Burden of CDI as well as clinical and epidemiological characteristics of CDI patients will help to support public health decision-making.Palabras clave
Clostridioides difficile infection; Community-associated infection; Epidemiology; Epidemiología; Factores de riesgo de vacunación; Healthcare-associated infection; Infección asociada a la comunidad; Infección por Clostridioides difficile; Infección relacionada con la asistencia sanitaria; Vaccination CDI risk factors
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Infección Hospitalaria
/
Clostridioides difficile
/
Infecciones por Clostridium
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
/
Screening_studies
Límite:
Humans
/
Middle aged
País/Región como asunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed)
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article