Predictors of protein intake among people who inject drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco, California.
Am J Addict
; 31(3): 228-235, 2022 05.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35315550
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
While inadequate nutrition can weaken the immune system and lead to negative health sequelae for vulnerable populations, little is known about nutritional intake among people who inject drugs (PWID). We aimed to quantify nutritional intake among PWID and to explore associations between protein intake and drug use.METHODS:
A cross-sectional design was used to analyze self-reported participant data. PWID were recruited from community settings in California in 2016/2017. Participants reported on food consumption per day for a 30-day period, from which a continuous protein intake variable was created.RESULTS:
Modal characteristics of participants (N = 937) were white (42.5%), male (75.3%), healthy body mass index (BMI) (56.6%), and unhoused (82.9%). Less than 1% of participants met or exceeded recommended guidelines for protein intake (0.80 g/day/1 kg body weight). The final multiple regression model found protein intake to be significantly positively associated with older age, high school or greater education, frequency of opiate and marijuana use, while Latinx ethnicity was inversely associated with protein intake, adjusting for gender. DISCUSSION ANDCONCLUSIONS:
Our study shows PWID are generally not underweight, yet they are grossly protein deficient, which can be harder to recognize. Poverty, homelessness, and other structural barriers likely contribute to this issue, which demonstrates the need for communities to provide more access to nutrient-rich food to PWID. SCIENTIFICSIGNIFICANCE:
Our study demonstrates the novel findings that opiate and marijuana use frequency, but not stimulants (methamphetamine and cocaine) may increase preference for protein-rich foods among PWID.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Infecciones por VIH
/
Abuso de Sustancias por Vía Intravenosa
/
Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias
/
Alcaloides Opiáceos
/
Consumidores de Drogas
Tipo de estudio:
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Qualitative_research
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Humans
/
Male
País/Región como asunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am J Addict
Asunto de la revista:
TRANSTORNOS RELACIONADOS COM SUBSTANCIAS
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos