Respiratory syncytial virus reinfections among infants and young children in the United States, 2011-2019.
PLoS One
; 18(2): e0281555, 2023.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36795639
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Although respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immunoprophylaxis is recommended for high-risk infants, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends against immunoprophylaxis in the same season following a breakthrough hospitalization due to limited risk for a second hospitalization. Evidence in support of this recommendation is limited. We estimated population-based re-infection rates from 2011-2019 in children <5 years since RSV risk remains relatively high in this age group. MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
Using claims data from private insurance enrollees, we established cohorts of children <5 years who were followed to ascertain annual (July 1-June 30) and seasonal (November 1- February 28/29) RSV recurrence estimates. Unique RSV episodes included inpatient encounters with RSV diagnosis ≥30 days apart, and outpatient encounters ≥30 days apart from each other as well as from inpatient encounters. The risk of annual and seasonal re-infection was calculated as the proportion of children with a subsequent RSV episode in the same RSV year/season.RESULTS:
Over the 8 assessed seasons/years (N = 6,705,979) and across all age groups annual inpatient and outpatient infection rates were 0.14% and 1.29%, respectively. Among children with a first infection, annual inpatient and outpatient re-infection rates were 0.25% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.22-0.28) and 3.44% (95% CI = 3.33-3.56), respectively. Both infection and re-infection rates declined with age.CONCLUSION:
While medically-attended re-infections contributed numerically only a fraction of the total RSV infections, re-infections among those with previous infection in the same season were of similar magnitude as the general infection risk, suggesting that a previous infection may not attenuate the risk for a re-infection.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Virus Sincitial Respiratorio Humano
/
Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio
Tipo de estudio:
Guideline
Límite:
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Humans
/
Infant
País/Región como asunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Revista:
PLoS One
Asunto de la revista:
CIENCIA
/
MEDICINA
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos