Neighborhood cohesion and violence in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, and their relationship to stress, depression, and hypertension: Findings from the Haiti cardiovascular disease cohort study.
PLOS Glob Public Health
; 2(7)2022.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36819610
ABSTRACT
Neighborhood factors have been associated with health outcomes, but this relationship is underexplored in low-income countries like Haiti. We describe perceived neighborhood cohesion and perceived violence using the Neighborhood Collective Efficacy and the City Stress Inventory scores. We hypothesized lower cohesion and higher violence were associated with higher stress, depression, and hypertension. We collected data from a population-based cohort of adults in Port-au-Prince, Haiti between March 2019 to August 2021, including stress (Perceived Stress Scale), depression (PHQ-9), and blood pressure (BP). Hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg, or on antihypertensive medications. Covariates that were adjusted for included age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, diet, income, and education, multivariable linear and Poisson regressions assessed the relationship between exposures and outcomes. Among 2,961 adults, 58.0% were female and median age was 40 years (IQR28-55). Participants reported high cohesion (median 15/25, IQR14-17) and moderate violence (9/20, IQR7-11). Stress was moderate (8/16) and 12.6% had at least moderate depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 11). Median systolic BP was 118 mmHg, median diastolic BP 72 mmHg, and 29.2% had hypertension. In regressions, higher violence was associated with higher prevalence ratios of moderate-to-severe depression (Tertile3 vs Tertile1 PR 1.12, 95%CI1.09 to 1.16) and stress (+0.3 score, 95%CI0.01 to 0.6) but not hypertension. Cohesion was associated with lower stress (Tertile3 vs Tertile1 -0.4 score, 95%CI -0.7 to -0.2) but not depression or hypertension. In summary, urban Haitians reported high perceived cohesion and moderate violence, with higher violence associated with higher stress and depression.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Aspecto:
Determinantes_sociais_saude
País/Región como asunto:
Haiti
Idioma:
En
Revista:
PLOS Glob Public Health
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos