Production of recombinant scorpion antivenoms in E. coli: current state and perspectives.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
; 107(13): 4133-4152, 2023 Jul.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37199752
Scorpion envenomation is a serious health problem in tropical and subtropical zones. The access to scorpion antivenom is sometimes limited in availability and specificity. The classical production process is cumbersome, from the hyper-immunization of the horses to the IgG digestion and purification of the F(ab)'2 antibody fragments. The production of recombinant antibody fragments in Escherichia coli is a popular trend due to the ability of this microbial host to produce correctly folded proteins. Small recombinant antibody fragments, such as single-chain variable fragments (scFv) and nanobodies (VHH), have been constructed to recognize and neutralize the neurotoxins responsible for the envenomation symptoms in humans. They are the focus of interest of the most recent studies and are proposed as potentially new generation of pharmaceuticals for their use in immunotherapy against scorpion stings of the Buthidae family. This literature review comprises the current status on the scorpion antivenom market and the analyses of cross-reactivity of commercial scorpion anti-serum against non-specific scorpion venoms. Recent studies on the production of new recombinant scFv and nanobodies will be presented, with a focus on the Androctonus and Centruroides scorpion species. Protein engineering-based technology could be the key to obtaining the next generation of therapeutics capable of neutralizing and cross-reacting against several types of scorpion venoms. KEY POINTS: ⢠Commercial antivenoms consist of predominantly purified equine F(ab)'2fragments. ⢠Nanobody-based antivenom can neutralize Androctonus venoms and have a low immunogenicity. ⢠Affinity maturation and directed evolution are used to obtain potent scFv families against Centruroides scorpions.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Venenos de Escorpión
/
Anticuerpos de Cadena Única
/
Anticuerpos de Dominio Único
Límite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Francia
Pais de publicación:
Alemania