Pediatric Sleep Respiratory Disorders: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology and Risk Factors.
Children (Basel)
; 10(6)2023 May 27.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37371187
ABSTRACT
Sleep is a fundamental biological necessity, the lack of which has severe repercussions on the mental and physical well-being in individuals of all ages. The phrase "sleep-disordered breathing (SDB)" indicates a wide array of conditions characterized by snoring and/or respiratory distress due to increased upper airway resistance and pharyngeal collapsibility; these range from primary snoring to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and occur in all age groups. In the general pediatric population, the prevalence of OSA varies between 2% and 5%, but in some particular clinical conditions, it can be much higher. While adenotonsillar hypertrophy ("classic phenotype") is the main cause of OSA in preschool age (3-5 years), obesity ("adult phenotype") is the most common cause in adolescence. There is also a "congenital-structural" phenotype that is characterized by a high prevalence of OSA, appearing from the earliest ages of life, supported by morpho-structural abnormalities or craniofacial changes and associated with genetic syndromes such as Pierre Robin syndrome, Prader-Willi, achondroplasia, and Down syndrome. Neuromuscular disorders and lysosomal storage disorders are also frequently accompanied by a high prevalence of OSA in all life ages. Early recognition and proper treatment are crucial to avoid major neuro-cognitive, cardiovascular, and metabolic morbidities.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
/
Screening_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Children (Basel)
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Italia