Heritability and preadult survivorship costs of ectoparasite resistance in the naturally occurring Drosophila-Gamasodes mite system.
Evolution
; 77(9): 2068-2080, 2023 09 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37393947
ABSTRACT
Our understanding of the evolutionary significance of ectoparasites in natural communities is limited by a paucity of information concerning the mechanisms and heritability of resistance to this ubiquitous group of organisms. Here, we report the results of artificial selection for increasing ectoparasite resistance in replicate lines of Drosophila melanogaster derived from a field-fresh population. Resistance, as ability to avoid infestation by naturally co-occurring Gamasodes queenslandicus mites, increased significantly in response to selection and realized heritability (SE) was estimated to be 0.11 (0.0090). Deployment of energetically expensive bursts of flight from the substrate was a main mechanism of host resistance that responded to selection, aligning with previously documented metabolic costs of fly behavioral defenses. Host body size, which affects parasitism rate in some fly-mite systems, was not shifted by selection. In contrast, resistant lines expressed significant reductions in larva-to-adult survivorship with increasing toxic (ammonia) stress, identifying an environmentally modulated preadult cost of resistance. Flies selected for resistance to G. queenslandicus were also more resistant to a different mite, Macrocheles subbadius, suggesting that we documented genetic variation and a pleiotropic cost of broad-spectrum behavioral immunity against ectoparasites. The results demonstrate significant evolutionary potential of resistance to an ecologically important class of parasites.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Ácaros
Tipo de estudio:
Health_economic_evaluation
Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Evolution
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos