Epidemiology of co-infections in pregnant women living with human immunodeficiency virus 1 in rural Gabon: a cross-sectional study.
Infect Dis Poverty
; 12(1): 64, 2023 Jul 06.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37408012
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
There is no recent epidemiological data on HIV infection in Gabon, particularly in pregnant women. To close this gap, an HIV-prevalence survey was conducted among Gabonese pregnant women, followed by a cross-sectional case-control study in which the prevalence of various co-infections was compared between HIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women.METHODS:
Between 2018 and 2019, data for the HIV-prevalence survey were collected retrospectively in 21 Gabonese antenatal care centres (ANCs). Subsequently, for the prospective co-infection study, all HIV-positive pregnant women were recruited who frequented the ANC in Lambaréné and a comparator sub-sample of HIV-negative pregnant women was recruited; these activities were performed from February 2019 to February 2020. The mean number of co-infections was ascertained and compared between HIV-positive and HIV-negative women. Additionally, the odds for being co-infected with at least one co-infection was evaluated and compared between HIV-positive and HIV-negative women.RESULTS:
HIV-positivity was 3.9% (646/16,417) among pregnant women. 183 pregnant women were recruited in the co-infection study. 63% of HIV-positive and 75% of HIV-negative pregnant women had at least one co-infection. There was a trend indicating that HIV-negative women were more often co-infected with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) than HIV-positive women [mean (standard deviation, SD) 2.59 (1.04) vs 2.16 (1.35), respectively; P = 0.056]; this was not the case for vector-borne infections [mean (SD) 0.47 (0.72) vs 0.43 (0.63), respectively; P = 0.59].CONCLUSIONS:
Counterintuitively, the crude odds for concomitant STIs was lower in HIV-positive than in HIV-negative women. The change of magnitude from the crude to adjusted OR is indicative for a differential sexual risk factor profile among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women in this population. This might potentially be explained by the availability of sexual health care counselling for HIV-positive women within the framework of the national HIV control programme, while no such similar overall service exists for HIV-negative women. This highlights the importance of easy access to sexual healthcare education programmes for all pregnant women irrespective of HIV status.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo
/
Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual
/
Infecciones por VIH
/
VIH-1
/
Coinfección
Tipo de estudio:
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
/
Screening_studies
Límite:
Female
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Humans
/
Pregnancy
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Infect Dis Poverty
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Alemania