The interplay between cis- and trans-acting factors drives selective mRNA translation initiation in eukaryotes.
Biochimie
; 217: 20-30, 2024 Feb.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37741547
ABSTRACT
Translation initiation consists in the assembly of the small and large ribosomal subunits on the start codon. This important step directly modulates the general proteome in living cells. Recently, genome wide studies revealed unexpected translation initiation events from unsuspected novel open reading frames resulting in the synthesis of a so-called 'dark proteome'. Indeed, the identification of the start codon by the translation machinery is a critical step that defines the translational landscape of the cell. Therefore, translation initiation is a highly regulated process in all organisms. In this review, we focus on the various cis- and trans-acting factors that rule the regulation of translation initiation in eukaryotes. Recent discoveries have shown that the guidance of the translation machinery for the choice of the start codon require sophisticated molecular mechanisms. In particular, the 5'UTR and the coding sequences contain cis-acting elements that trigger the use of AUG codons but also non-AUG codons to initiate protein synthesis. The use of these alternative start codons is also largely influenced by numerous trans-acting elements that drive selective mRNA translation in response to environmental changes.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Transactivadores
/
Eucariontes
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Biochimie
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Francia