Brain-derived extracellular vesicles: Potential diagnostic biomarkers for central nervous system diseases.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
; 78(2): 83-96, 2024 Feb.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37877617
ABSTRACT
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nanovesicles secreted by cells into the extracellular space and contain functional biomolecules, e.g. signaling receptors, bioactive lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins, which can serve as biomarkers. Neurons and glial cells secrete EVs, contributing to various physiological and pathological aspects of brain diseases. EVs confer their role in the bidirectional crosstalk between the central nervous system (CNS) and the periphery owing to their distinctive ability to cross the unique blood-brain barrier (BBB). Thus, EVs in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine can be intriguing biomarkers, enabling the minimally invasive diagnosis of CNS diseases. Although there has been an enormous interest in evaluating EVs as promising biomarkers, the lack of ultra-sensitive approaches for isolating and detecting brain-derived EVs (BDEVs) has hindered the development of efficient biomarkers. This review presents the recent salient findings of exosomal biomarkers, focusing on brain disorders. We summarize highly sensitive sensors for EV detection and state-of-the-art methods for single EV detection. Finally, the prospect of developing advanced EV analysis approaches for the non-invasive diagnosis of brain diseases is presented.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Encefalopatías
/
Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Central
/
Vesículas Extracelulares
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
Asunto de la revista:
NEUROLOGIA
/
PSIQUIATRIA
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
China
Pais de publicación:
AU
/
AUSTRALIA
/
AUSTRÁLIA