A healthful plant-based diet is associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk via improved metabolic state and organ function: A prospective cohort study.
Diabetes Metab
; 50(1): 101499, 2024 Jan.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38036055
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Plant-based diets are becoming increasingly popular due to favourable environmental footprints and have been associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, we investigated the potential mechanisms to explain the lower T2DM risk observed among individuals following plant-based diets.METHODS:
Prospective data from the UK Biobank, a cohort study of participants aged 40 to 69 years at baseline, was evaluated. Associations between healthful and unhealthful plant-based indices (hPDI and uPDI) and T2DM risk were analysed by multivariable Cox regression models, followed by causal mediation analyses to investigate which cardiometabolic risk factors explained the observed associations.RESULTS:
Of 113,097 study participants 2,628 developed T2DM over 12 years of follow-up. Participants with the highest hPDI scores (Quartile 4) had a 24 % lower T2DM risk compared to those with the lowest scores (Quartile 1) [Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.76, 95 % Confidence Interval (CI) 0.68-0.85]. This association was mediated by a lower BMI (proportion mediated 28 %), lower waist circumference (28 %), and lower concentrations of HBA1c (11 %), triglycerides (9 %), alanine aminotransferase (5 %), gamma glutamyl transferase (4 %), C-reactive protein (4 %), insulin-like growth factor 1 (4 %), cystatin C (4 %) and urate (4 %). Higher uPDI scores were associated with a 37 % higher T2DM risk [HR 1.37, 95 % CI1.22- 1.53], with higher waist circumference (proportion mediated 17 %), BMI (7 %), and higher concentrations of triglycerides (13 %) potentially playing mediating roles.CONCLUSION:
Healthful plant-based diets may protect against T2DM via lower body fatness, but also via normoglycaemia, lower basal inflammation as well as improved kidney and liver function.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Diabetes Metab
Asunto de la revista:
ENDOCRINOLOGIA
/
METABOLISMO
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Reino Unido