Impact of agricultural activities on the occurrence of N-nitrosamines in an aquatic environment.
Environ Sci Process Impacts
; 26(3): 470-482, 2024 Mar 20.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38282562
ABSTRACT
N-Nitrosamines, nitroso compounds with strong carcinogenic effects on humans, have been frequently detected in natural waters. In agricultural areas, there is typically a lack of drinking water treatment processes and distribution systems. As a result, residents often consume groundwater as drinking water which may contain N-nitrosamines, necessitating the investigation of the occurrence, sources, and carcinogenic risk of N-nitrosamines within the groundwater of agricultural areas. This study identified eight N-nitrosamines in groundwater and river water in the Jianghan Plain, a famous agricultural region in central China. N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), and N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine (NDBA) were detected in groundwater, with NDMA being the main compound detected (up to 52 ng L-1). Comparable concentrations of these N-nitrosamines were also found in river water. From laboratory experiments, we found a tremendous potential for the formation of N-nitrosamines in groundwater. Principal component analysis and multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the primary sources of N-nitrosamines in groundwater were the uses of nitrogen fertilizers and pesticides carrying specific N-nitrosamines such as NPYR. The average total carcinogenic risk values of detected N-nitrosamines were higher than the acceptable risk level (10-5), suggesting a potential carcinogenic risk of groundwater. Further research is urgently needed to minimize N-nitrosamine levels in the groundwater of agricultural areas, particularly in those where pesticides and fertilizers are heavily used.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Plaguicidas
/
Agua Potable
/
Nitrosaminas
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Environ Sci Process Impacts
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
China