Chlorination of antiviral drug ribavirin: Kinetics, nontargeted identification, and concomitant toxicity evolution.
J Hazard Mater
; 467: 133478, 2024 04 05.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38359766
ABSTRACT
Residual antiviral drugs in wastewater may increase the risk of generating transformation products (TPs) during wastewater treatment. Therefore, chlorination behavior and toxicity evolution are essential to understand the secondary ecological risk associated with their TPs. Herein, chlorination kinetics, transformation pathways, and secondary risks of ribavirin (RBV), one of the most commonly used broad-spectrum antivirals, were investigated. The pH-dependent second-order rate constants k increased from 0.18â¯M-1·s-1 (pH 5.8) to 1.53â¯M-1·s-1 (pH 8.0) due to neutral RBV and ClO- as dominant species. 12 TPs were identified using high-resolution mass spectrometry in a nontargeted approach, of which 6 TPs were reported for the first time, and their chlorination pathways were elucidated. The luminescence inhibition rate of Vibrio fischeri exposed to chlorinated RBV solution was positively correlated with initial free active chlorine, probably due to the accumulation of toxic TPs. Quantitative structure-activity relationship prediction identified 7 TPs with elevated toxicity, concentrating on developmental toxicity and bioconcentration factors, which explained the increased toxicity of chlorinated RBV. Overall, this study highlights the urgent need to minimize the discharge of toxic chlorinated TPs into aquatic environments and contributes to environmental risk control in future pandemics and regions with high consumption of antivirals.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Ribavirina
/
Halogenación
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Hazard Mater
Asunto de la revista:
SAUDE AMBIENTAL
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
China
Pais de publicación:
Países Bajos