RNA editing enzymes: structure, biological functions and applications.
Cell Biosci
; 14(1): 34, 2024 Mar 16.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38493171
ABSTRACT
With the advancement of sequencing technologies and bioinformatics, over than 170 different RNA modifications have been identified. However, only a few of these modifications can lead to base pair changes, which are called RNA editing. RNA editing is a ubiquitous modification in mammalian transcriptomes and is an important co/posttranscriptional modification that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes. There are two main types of RNA editing events adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) editing, catalyzed by ADARs on double-stranded RNA or ADATs on tRNA, and cytosine to uridine (C-to-U) editing catalyzed by APOBECs. This article provides an overview of the structure, function, and applications of RNA editing enzymes. We discuss the structural characteristics of three RNA editing enzyme families and their catalytic mechanisms in RNA editing. We also explain the biological role of RNA editing, particularly in innate immunity, cancer biogenesis, and antiviral activity. Additionally, this article describes RNA editing tools for manipulating RNA to correct disease-causing mutations, as well as the potential applications of RNA editing enzymes in the field of biotechnology and therapy.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Cell Biosci
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
China