Unraveling the Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in T Lymphocyte Signaling.
Int J Mol Sci
; 25(11)2024 Jun 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38892300
ABSTRACT
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are central to inter- and intracellular signaling. Their localized and transient effects are due to their short half-life, especially when generated in controlled amounts. Upon T cell receptor (TCR) activation, regulated ROS signaling is primarily initiated by complexes I and III of the electron transport chain (ETC). Subsequent ROS production triggers the activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NADPH oxidase 2), prolonging the oxidative signal. This signal then engages kinase signaling cascades such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and increases the activity of REDOX-sensitive transcription factors such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1). To limit ROS overproduction and prevent oxidative stress, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and antioxidant proteins such as superoxide dismutases (SODs) finely regulate signal intensity and are capable of terminating the oxidative signal when needed. Thus, oxidative signals, such as T cell activation, are well-controlled and critical for cellular communication.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Linfocitos T
/
Transducción de Señal
/
Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno
Límite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Mol Sci
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Alemania
Pais de publicación:
Suiza