Effects of Enteral Nutrition Support with Ultrasound-guided Three-lumen Gastrojejunal Tube Insertion on Success Rate of Catheterization, Nutritional Status and Aspiration Rate in Patients with Severe Neurological Diseases.

ABSTRACT

Objective: The primary aim of this study is to explore the effects of enteral nutrition support with ultrasound-guided three-lumen gastrojejunal tube insertion on nutritional status in patients with severe neurological diseases. Additionally, we aim to assess the impact of this intervention on the success rate of catheterization and the aspiration rate, to comprehensively evaluate its benefits and optimize patient care. Methods: Between March 2022 and March 2023, 60 patients were recruited and randomly divided into ultrasound-guided and control groups of 30 patients each using the Simple Randomisation method. In the control group, a triple-lumen feeding tube was blindly inserted at the bedside for enteral nutritional therapy, and in the ultrasound-guided group, ultrasound-guided identification of gastric structures for placement of a triple-lumen feeding tube for enteral nutritional support, and both treatments were continued for 2 weeks. The success rate of catheterization, nutritional status, aspiration rate, patient satisfaction, and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: The difference in the success rate of catheterization between the ultrasound guidance group and control group was not statistically significant (93.33% vs 96.67%, P>0.05). After treatment, TP (70.84±3.54 vs 67.15±4.23), ALB (41.23±3.65 vs 38.22±3.47), and Hb (11.54±0.62 vs 9.35±0.28) levels in the ultrasound guidance group were higher than in the control group (P < .05). The difference in aspiration rate between the ultrasound guidance group and control group was not statistically significant [0.00% (0/30) vs 3.33% (1/30), P > .05]. The patient satisfaction in the ultrasound guidance group was higher than that in the control group (P < .05). The difference in the incidence of complications (stomachache, headache, nausea, and vomiting) between the ultrasound guidance group and control group was not statistically significant (6.67% vs 20.00%, P > .05). Conclusion: Enteral nutrition support with ultrasound-guided three-lumen gastrojejunal tube insertion can improve the success rate of catheterization and nutritional status, reduce aspiration rate, and improve satisfaction in patients with severe neurological diseases. In the future, we need to further investigate the incorporation of ultrasound guidance into standard care protocols for patients with severe neurological disorders requiring enteral nutrition. The indications for ultrasound guidance in nursing should also be expanded. In conclusion, ultrasound-guided insertion should be considered the technique of choice for improving nutritional status in the population of patients with severe neurological disease.