Development and Implementation of a Novel Approach to Dietary Education for People With Inadequate Health Literacy and Advanced Kidney Disease.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the process of developing and implementing a novel approach to renal diet education by changing from a nutrient-based food list to a pictorial meal compilation approach through the skill steps: plan, select, cook, eat. DESIGN AND METHODS: The skill-based teaching method accommodates low literacy levels and respects cultural values. This teaching style aligns the complex renal diet guidelines with family living. Each meal plan is based on a balanced diet and includes family preferences. Appropriate cooking methods and food swaps that match renal diet specifications are included. The accompanying Cook for Life cookbook demonstrates how to prepare the new kidney-friendly family meal. Recipes were supplied by a local Maori elder and his whanau and tested by the dietitian. The cookbook is provided to all patients receiving renal dietetic education. The teaching method has undergone several iterations to accommodate feedback from dietitians, nurses, doctors, and patients. This included patient engagement to develop the Storybook, a pictorial representation of typical meals consumed in the community with a corresponding food substitution to illustrate how to compile kidney-friendly meals. RESULTS: Analysis of feedback regarding this approach indicates high levels of acceptance and engagement with this new teaching style. CONCLUSION: This practical skill-based dietary education teaching style appears to be a feasible, acceptable, culturally sensitive, and appropriate approach to dietary education for people who live with kidney disease. Patient engagement in the design of this approach supports effective learning and behavior change.