Mecapegfilgrastim for the prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A prospective phase II clinical study.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Induction chemotherapy of docetaxel plus cisplatin (TP) is myelosuppressive, leading to severe neutropenia and febrile neutropenia (FN). Herein, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of mecapegfilgrastim in the prevention of neutropenia in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma who received the TP regimen. METHODS: A total of 30 treatment-naive patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma were included in this study. Mecapegfilgrastim 6 mg was injected 24-48 h after the completion of induction chemotherapy with the TP regimen. RESULTS: The incidence of grade ≥3 neutropenia during the three induction chemotherapy cycles was 6.7% (95% CI, 0.8%-22.1%). In the first cycle of chemotherapy, the incidence of grade ≥3 neutropenia was 3.3% (95% CI, 0.1%-17.2%). No FN or antibiotic usage was reported. All 30 patients completed the induction chemotherapy cycles. CONCLUSION: Mecapegfilgrastim effectively reduced the incidence of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and FN in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.