Draining Vein Thrombosis of Developmental Venous Anomaly in Sickle Cell Trait Patient: Case Report and a Literature Review.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare but serious condition in both adults and children. Risk factors include thrombophilias, dehydration, and certain inherited conditions like sickle cell trait. We present a case of CVST in a pediatric patient with sickle cell trait to highlight key considerations in diagnosis and management. CASE PRESENTATION A 14-year-old male with sickle cell trait presented with worsening headache and vomiting after prolonged sun exposure and dehydration during athletic camp. Imaging revealed right occipital hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, right CSVT, and bilateral cerebellar DVAs. Hypercoagulability testing was normal. Diagnostic evaluation included CT, MRI, MRV, and hypercoagulability testing. The patient was treated with an EVD, platelet transfusion, and anticoagulation. Management also involved hydration, platelet transfusion, supportive care, and multidisciplinary follow-up. Follow-up MRV showed recanalization. CONCLUSION: This case highlights sickle cell trait as a potential CVST risk factor. Timely recognition, evaluation of precipitants like dehydration, supportive care including anticoagulation, and multidisciplinary management are important. An individualized approach is needed to balance thrombosis recurrence and bleeding risks. Patients with SCT require education on risks and prompt evaluation of neurological symptoms to allow early diagnosis and care of CVST.