Multiple control elements regulate transcription from the most distal promoter of human aldolase A gene.

Three major transcripts, differing in their 5'-untranslated regions, are produced from the human aldolase A gene by alternative usage of three promoters, designated distal, middle and proximal. We report that the genomic region (distal promoter) upstream from the first leader exon (exon L1) efficiently directs transcription of a reporter CAT gene after transient transfections in human hepatoma cells (Hep3B) in a fashion independent from the other two promoters of the same gene. The distal promoter region contains cis-acting elements that regulate transcription both positively and negatively.