Myocardial protection for cardiac surgery: the nursing perspective.

The advancement of myocardial protection techniques is considered to be the most instrumental in achieving successful cardiac surgical outcomes. Although many issues complicate the efficacy of myocardial protection, warm cardioplegia is instituted more often as a better myocardial protection method for patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Understanding differences in patient response between warm and cold cardioplegia is essential for development of appropriate nursing intervention strategies and prevention of postoperative complications. Advanced practice nurses in cardiac surgical settings must continue to evaluate metabolic, functional, and hemodynamic variations of patients with different cardioplegia for positive patient outcomes.