Reduction of adhesion formation in rabbits by intraperitoneal administration of lazaroid formulations.

ABSTRACT

Adhesion formation is a major source of postoperative morbidity and mortality. In this study, the ability of a variety of lazaroid formulations [the antioxidant 21-aminosteroid PNU74006F (tirilazad) and the non-steroidal 2-methylaminochroman derivative PNU83,836E] to reduce i.p. adhesion formation in three rabbit models was examined. In initial studies, PNU83836E was administered via Alzet miniosmotic pump to the site of injury. In the sidewall and double uterine horn models, PNU83,836E was administered via Alzet miniosmotic pump for the entire postoperative interval. In the sidewall model, there was a dose-dependent reduction in the area of the sidewall injury that was involved in adhesions. In the double uterine horn model, PNU83,836E was administered via Alzet miniosmotic pump to the area of injury for 1, 2, 3 or 7 days. Administration for as little as 24 h after surgery significantly reduced the extent of adhesion formation and the reduction was increased if it was administered for longer. Further studies were conducted in which various lazaroid formulations were administered as a bolus at the end of surgery. In both the sidewall and double uterine horn models, administration of either PNU83,386E (in citrate buffer) or PNU74006F (in cyclodextrin or lipid emulsion vehicles) at the end of surgery reduced adhesion formation. Administration of a bolus of PNU74006F 10 min prior to initiation of surgery with or without additional treatment at the end of surgery further increased its efficacy in the reduction of adhesion formation. Administration of a minimum of 1.5 mg before and after surgery (3 mg total) was required for maximal efficacy. These studies demonstrate that pre- and postoperative administration of either a steroidal (PNU74006F) or non-steroidal (PNU83,836E) lazaroid intraperitoneally reduced the formation and reformation of postoperative adhesions in three animal models.