Discovery of a SARS-CoV-2 Broadly-Acting Neutralizing Antibody with Activity against Omicron and Omicron + R346K Variants

ABSTRACT

The continual emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, in particular the newly emerged Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant, has rendered ineffective a number of previously EUA approved SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody therapies. Furthermore, even those approved antibodies with neutralizing activity against Omicron are reportedly ineffective against the subset of Omicron variants that contain a R346K substitution, demonstrating the continued need for discovery and characterization of candidate therapeutic antibodies with the breadth and potency of neutralizing activity required to treat newly diagnosed COVID-19 linked to recently emerged variants of concern. Following a campaign of antibody discovery based on the vaccination of Harbour H2L2 mice with defined SARS-CoV-2 spike domains, we have characterized the activity of a large collection of Spike-binding antibodies and identified a lead neutralizing human IgG1 LALA antibody, STI-9167. STI-9167 has potent, broad-spectrum neutralizing activity against the current SARS-COV-2 variants of concern and retained activity against the Omicron and Omicron + R346K variants in both pseudotype and live virus neutralization assays. Furthermore, STI-9167 nAb administered intranasally or intravenously provided protection against weight loss and reduced virus lung titers to levels below the limit of quantitation in Omicron-infected K18-hACE2 transgenic mice. With this established activity profile, a cGMP cell line has been developed and used to produce cGMP drug product intended for use in human clinical trials.