Metastatic risk assessment and related treatment progress of paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma / 中华内分泌外科杂志

ABSTRACT

Paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma (PPGL) is an uncommon neuroendocrine tumor with variable metastatic potential which is related to multiple factors, and has a clear genetic background. Metastatic PPGL requires systemic intervention after failure of surgical treatment, but the overall efficacy is poor. In this review, the related literatures were reviewed to describe PPGL from the histological origin and name evolution, genetic background and metastasis risk, metastasis risk prediction and prognosis assessment, challenges in the clinical staging and progress in the systemic treatment.