The neoantigens derived from transposable elements - A hidden treasure for cancer immunotherapy.
Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer
; 1879(5): 189126, 2024 Sep.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38849060
ABSTRACT
Neoantigen-based therapy is a promising approach that selectively activates the immune system of the host to recognize and eradicate cancer cells. Preliminary clinical trials have validated the feasibility, safety, and immunogenicity of personalized neoantigen-directed vaccines, enhancing their effectiveness and broad applicability in immunotherapy. While many ongoing oncological trials concentrate on neoantigens derived from mutations, these targets do not consistently provoke an immune response in all patients harboring the mutations. Additionally, tumors like ovarian cancer, which have a low tumor mutational burden (TMB), may be less amenable to mutation-based neoantigen therapies. Recent advancements in next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics have uncovered a rich source of neoantigens from non-canonical RNAs associated with transposable elements (TEs). Considering the substantial presence of TEs in the human genome and the proven immunogenicity of TE-derived neoantigens in various tumor types, this review investigates the latest findings on TE-derived neoantigens, examining their clinical implications, challenges, and unique advantages in enhancing tumor immunotherapy.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
DNA Transposable Elements
/
Immunotherapy
/
Antigens, Neoplasm
/
Neoplasms
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Country of publication: