Increasing prevalence of non-clade B HIV-1 strains in heterosexual men and women, as monitored by analysis of reverse transcriptase and protease sequences.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
; 27(5): 499-505, 2001 Aug 15.
Article
de En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-11511828
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
We evaluated the prevalence of HIV-1 non-clade B over time in a formerly clade B-restricted area. Protease and reverse transcriptase regions of the pol gene were used for phylogenetic and recombination analysis and for clade assignment to HIV-1 A-D, F-H, J, and K strains of the M group.METHODS:
The pol gene of 349 HIV-1 patients belonging to the Italian Cohort Naive for Antiretrovirals (ICONA) were genotypically analyzed to study the prevalence of antiretroviral-associated resistance mutations. All HIV-1 pol sequences and 32 HIV reference strains were analyzed, including the reference strains for the major HIV-1 subtypes. The non-clade B sequences according to the HIV-1 Subtyping Tool program were further studied by a bootscan analysis (SimPlot) to investigate the likelihood of recombination between subtypes.RESULTS:
Phylogenetic analysis detected 19 of 349 (5.4%) non-clade B subtypes. The proportions of patients carrying non-clade B virus before and after 1997 were 1.9% and 8.4%, respectively (p =.008). Among whites, heterosexual infection and female gender were significantly associated with the presence of non-clade B subtypes (p =.001 and.005, respectively). Non-clade B HIV-1 was harbored by 14.5% of the heterosexuals who were found to be HIV-1 positive after 1997, 60% of whom were women. Bootscan analysis identified four strains as F, two as A, one as C, one as G, and 11 (57.9 %) as non-clade B recombinant subtypes.CONCLUSION:
Detection of HIV-1 subtypes and intersubtype recombinants in a previously clade B-homogeneous area indicates that the HIV-1 epidemic is evolving in Italy and that heterosexuals and women are at increased risk of infection with non-clade B HIV-1 subtypes. Sequences inferred from the pol gene yield to establish the subtype of circulating HIV-1 strains. As a consequence, genotyping of pol gene for testing resistance to antiretrovirals warrants concomitant surveillance of non-clade B subtypes.
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Collection:
01-internacional
Base de données:
MEDLINE
Sujet principal:
Gènes pol
/
Infections à VIH
/
VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1)
/
Hétérosexualité
Type d'étude:
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limites:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Pays/Région comme sujet:
Europa
Langue:
En
Journal:
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
Sujet du journal:
SINDROME DA IMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA (AIDS)
Année:
2001
Type de document:
Article
Pays d'affiliation:
Italie