Defining MC1R regulation in human melanocytes by its agonist α-melanocortin and antagonists agouti signaling protein and ß-defensin 3.
J Invest Dermatol
; 132(9): 2255-62, 2012 Sep.
Article
de En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-22572817
ABSTRACT
The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), a G(s) protein-coupled receptor, has an important role in human pigmentation. We investigated the regulation of expression and activity of the MC1R in primary human melanocyte cultures. Human ß-defensin 3 (HBD3) acted as an antagonist for MC1R, inhibiting the α-melanocortin (α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH))-induced increase in the activities of adenylate cyclase and tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme for melanogenesis. α-Melanocortin and forskolin, which activate adenylate cyclase, and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, which activates protein kinase C, increased, whereas exposure to UV radiation reduced, MC1R gene and membrane protein expression. Brief treatment with α-MSH resulted in MC1R desensitization, whereas continuous treatment up to 3 hours caused a steady rise in cAMP, suggesting receptor recycling. Pretreatment with agouti signaling protein or HBD3 prohibited responsiveness to α-MSH, but not forskolin, suggesting receptor desensitization by these antagonists. Melanocytes from different donors expressed different levels of the G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) 2, 3, 5, and 6, as well as ß-arrestin 1. Therefore, in addition to the MC1R genotype, regulation of MC1R expression and activity is expected to affect human pigmentation and the responses to UV.
Texte intégral:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Base de données:
MEDLINE
Sujet principal:
Hormone mélanotrope alpha
/
Bêta-Défensines
/
Récepteur de la mélanocortine de type 1
/
Mélanocortines
/
Protéine de signalisation Agouti
/
Mélanocytes
Limites:
Humans
Langue:
En
Journal:
J Invest Dermatol
Année:
2012
Type de document:
Article
Pays d'affiliation:
États-Unis d'Amérique