Biomarkers; CLU; Cp; DAPK; EPRS; FPG; GAIT; GAPDH; HINT1; HbA1C; IFN-γ activated inhibitor of translation; MALDI-TOF MS; MB-WCX; MSC; NS1-associated protein 1; NSAP1; ROS; T2DM; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Urinary peptides; VEGF-A; bifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; ceruloplasmin; clusterin precursor protein; death associated protein kinase; fasting plasma glucose; glycated hemoglobin; glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1; m/z; mass to charge ratio; matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry; multi-tRNA synthetase complex; reactive oxygen species; type 2 diabetes mellitus; vascular endothelial growth factor A; weak cationic-exchange magnetic beads