Immunotherapeutic approach for advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Lay abstract Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the USA and the seventh leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. PDAC is a lethal cancer; most patients present at advanced stages with minimal clinical response to the current standard therapies. Immunotherapy treatment in PDAC showed promising results in the preclinical studies. However, the majority of clinical studies on immunotherapy in PDAC did not show clinical benefits. There is a need for research to explore the benefits of immunotherapy in PDAC patients. The development of new treatment strategies and a patient-tailored approach might improve future outcomes.