ALK3, anaplastic lymphoma kinase 3; ATF2, activating transcription factor 2; ActR, activin receptor; BDB2, brachydactyly type B2; BISC, BMP-induced signalling complex; BMP antagonists; BMPER, BMP binding endothelial regulator; BMPs, bone morphogenetic proteins; Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP); CAN, cerberus and DAN; CDD, craniodiaphyseal dysplasia; CHRD domain, chordin specific domain; CUB domain, for complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, Bmp1 domain; Connective tissue disorder; Cv2, crossveinless-2; DAN, differential screening selected gene aberrative in neuroblastoma; DSD, diaphanospondylodysostosis; Dpp, decapentaplegic; ECM, extracellular matrix; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinases; Extracellular matrix (ECM); FMF, fibrillin microfibrils; HS, heparan sulphate; HSPGs, heparan sulphate proteoglycans; MAPKs, mitogen-activated protein kinases; MGC1, megalocornea 1; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PRDC, protein related to DAN and Cerberus; SOST, sclerostin; SYNS1, multiple synostoses syndrome 1; Scw, screw; Sog, short gastrulation; TCC, tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome; TGF-ß, transforming growth factor- ß; Tld, tolloid; Tsg, twisted gastrulation; VBCH, Van Buchem disease; Xlr/Tll, xolloid-related metalloprotease; vWC, von Willebrand factor type C; vWD, von Willebrand factor type D