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Changes in ideal cardiovascular health among Malawian adults from 2009 to 2017.
Ngwasiri, Calypse; Samadoulougou, Sekou; Cissé, Kadari; Aminde, Leopold; Kirakoya-Samadoulougou, Fati.
Affiliation
  • Ngwasiri C; Clinical Research Education Networking and Consultancy (CRENC), RFMR+QFH, Yaoundé, Centre Region, Cameroon. calypse.ngwasiri@ulb.be.
  • Samadoulougou S; Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Belgium. calypse.ngwasiri@ulb.be.
  • Cissé K; Centre for Research on Planning and Development, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
  • Aminde L; Evaluation Platform on Obesity Prevention, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada.
  • Kirakoya-Samadoulougou F; Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Belgium.
Sci Rep ; 12(1): 21937, 2022 12 19.
Article de En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36536000
Ideal Cardiovascular Health (CVH) is a concept defined by the American Heart Association (AHA) as part of its 2020 Impact Goals. Until now, changes in ideal CVH have been poorly evaluated in Sub-Saharan African populations. We aimed to investigate changes in the prevalence of ideal CVH and its components in a population of Malawian adults. Secondary analysis was done on cross-sectional data from 2009 to 2017, obtained from the Malawi STEPS surveys which included 5730 participants aged 25-64 years. CVH metrics categorized into "ideal (6-7 ideal metrics)", "intermediate (3-5 ideal metrics)" and "poor (0-2 ideal metrics)" were computed using blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), fasting glycaemia, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, smoking, and total cholesterol. Sampling weights were used to account for the sampling design, and all estimates were standardised by age and sex using the direct method. The mean participant age across both periods was 40.1 ± 12.4 years. The prevalence of meeting ≥ 6 ideal CVH metrics increased substantially from 9.4% in 2009 to 33.3% in 2017, whereas having ≤ 2 ideal CVH metrics decreased from 7.6% to 0.5% over this time. For the individual metrics, desirable levels of smoking, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol and fasting glucose all increased during the study period whilst achievable levels of BMI (< 25 kg/m2) declined. From 2009 to 2017, the mean number of ideal CVH metrics was higher in women compared to men (from 2.1% to 5.1% vs 2.0% to 5.0%). However, poor levels of smoking and fruit and vegetable intake were higher in men compared to women (from 27.9% to 23.6% vs. 7.4%% to 1.9% , and from 33.7% to 42.9% vs 30.8% to 34.6%, respectively). Also, whilst achievable levels of BMI rose in men (from 84.4% to 86.2%) the proportion reduced in women (from 72.1% to 67.5% ). Overall, CVH improved in Malawian adults from 2009 to 2017 and was highest in women. However, the prevalence of poor fruit and vegetable intake, and poor smoking remained high in men whilst optimal levels of BMI was declined in women. To improve this situation, individual and population-based strategies that address body mass, smoking and fruit and vegetable intake are warranted for maximal health gains in stemming the development of cardiovascular events.
Sujet(s)

Texte intégral: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Base de données: MEDLINE Sujet principal: Maladies cardiovasculaires / Système cardiovasculaire Type d'étude: Etiology_studies / Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Aspects: Patient_preference Limites: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Pays/Région comme sujet: America do norte Langue: En Journal: Sci Rep Année: 2022 Type de document: Article Pays d'affiliation: Cameroun Pays de publication: Royaume-Uni

Texte intégral: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Base de données: MEDLINE Sujet principal: Maladies cardiovasculaires / Système cardiovasculaire Type d'étude: Etiology_studies / Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Aspects: Patient_preference Limites: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Pays/Région comme sujet: America do norte Langue: En Journal: Sci Rep Année: 2022 Type de document: Article Pays d'affiliation: Cameroun Pays de publication: Royaume-Uni